Existence
Existence is the state of having being or reality, in contrast to nonexistence and non-being. It is a fundamental concept in philosophy, particularly in ontology, which studies the nature and types of existence.
: Existence refers to the state of being real or participating in reality1. It distinguishes real entities from imaginary ones and can apply to both individual entities and the totality of reality.
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Singular existence: Refers to the existence of individual entities, such as a specific person.
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General existence: Pertains to general concepts, properties, or universals.
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Concrete existence: Entities present in space and time.
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Abstract existence: Entities like numbers and sets that are not spatiotemporally located.
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Some philosophers argue that existence is a second-order property (a property of properties), while others view it as a first-order property (a property of individuals).
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Debates exist about whether there are degrees of existence or if entities simply exist or do not exist.
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The concept of existence has been discussed throughout the history of philosophy, including in ancient Greek, Indian, and Chinese traditions.
: Existence is often contrasted with essence, nonexistence, nothingness, and nonbeing.
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Possible existence: Entities that could exist but do not.
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Contingent existence: Entities that exist but could fail to exist.
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Necessary existence: Entities that must exist or could not fail to exist.
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The nature of existence and its relation to being, reality, and actuality is a subject of ongoing philosophical debate.
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Some philosophers argue that existence is an elementary concept that cannot be defined without circularity1.
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The question of why there is something rather than nothing remains a fundamental philosophical inquiry1.
Existence continues to be a central topic in metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of mind, and existentialism, challenging our understanding of reality and our place within it.
Citations:
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existence
- https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/existence/
- https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/existence
- https://www.thesaurus.com/browse/existence
- https://iep.utm.edu/existenc/
- https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2402107/
- https://www.reddit.com/r/Existentialism/comments/18wlz2x/what_is_existence/
- https://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/existence